(CMA)
(CNAS)
(ISO)
(高新技术企业)
努氏硬度相关标准参考信息
GB/T 18449.4-2022 金属材料 努氏硬度试验 第4部分: 硬度值表
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2022-03-09 00:00:00.0 实施：2022-10-01 00:00:00.0
ISO 4545-1-2017 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.第1部分:试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2017-1201 实施：
ASTM E384-2011e1 材料的努氏硬度和维氏硬度标准试验方法
简介：4.1 Hardness tests have been found to be very useful for materials evaluation, quality control of manufacturing processes and research and development efforts. Hardness, although empirical in nature, can be correlated to tensile strength for many metals, and is an indicator of wear resistance and ductility. 4.2 Microindentation hardness tests extend testing to materials that are too thin or too small for macroindentation hardness tests. Microindentation hardness tests also allow specific phases or constituents and regions or gradients too small for macroindentation hardness testing to be evaluated. 4.3 Because the Knoop and Vickers hardness will reveal hardness variations that may exist within a material, a single test value may not be representative of the bulk hardness. The Vickers indenter usually produces a geometrically similar indentation at all test forces. Except for tests at very low forces that produce indentations with diagonals smaller than about 25 x03BC;m, the hardness number will be essentially the same as produced by Vickers machines with test forces greater than 1 kgf, as long as the material being tested is reasonably homogeneous. For isotropic materials, the two diagonals of a Vickers indentation are equal in size. Recommendations for low force microindentation testing can be found in Appendix X5. The Knoop indenter does not produce a geometrically similar indentation as a function of test force. Consequently, the Knoop hardness will vary with test force. Due to its rhombic shape, the indentation depth is shallower for a Knoop indentation compared to a Vickers indentation under identical test conditions. The two diagonals of a Knoop indentation are markedly different. Ideally, the long diagonal is 7.114 times longer than the short diagonal, but this ratio is influenced by elastic recovery. Thus, the Knoop indenter is very useful for evaluating hardness gradients or thin coatings of sectioned samples.1.1 This test method covers determination of the Knoop and Vickers hardness of materials, the verification of Knoop and Vickers hardness testing machines, and the calibration of standardized Knoop and Vickers test blocks. 1.2 This test method covers Knoop and Vickers hardness tests made utilizing test forces in micro (9.807 x00D7; 10-3 to 9.807 N ) ( 1 to 1000 gf ) and macro (>9.807 to 1176.80 N) ( >1kg to 120 kgf ) ranges. Note 18212;Previous versions of this standard limited test forces to 9.807 N (1 kgf). 1.3 This test method includes all of the requirements to perform macro Vickers hardness tests as previously defined in Test Method E92, Standard Test Method for Vickers Hardness Testing. 1.4 This test method includes an analysis of the possible sources of errors that can occur during Knoop and Vickers testing and how these factors affect the accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of test results. Note 28212;While Committee E04 is primarily concerned with metals, the test procedures described are applicable to other materials. 1.5 Units8212;When Knoop and Vickers hardness tests were developed, the force levels were specified in units of grams-force (gf) and kilograms-force (kgf). This standard specifies the units of force and length in the International System of Units (SI); that is, force in Newtons (N) and length in mm or x03BC;m. However, because of the historical precedent and continued common usage, force values in gf and kgf units are provided for information and much of the discussion in this standard as well as the method of reporting the t......
信息：ICS：19.060 (Mechanical testing) CCS：H22 发布：2011 实施：
GB/T 9790-2021 金属材料 金属及其他无机覆盖层的维氏和努氏显微硬度试验
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2021-04-30 00:00:00.0 实施：2021-11-01 00:00:00.0
ISO 4545-4-2017 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.第4部分:硬度值表
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2017-1201 实施：
ASTM E384-2011 材料努氏和维氏硬度的标准试验方法
简介：4.1 Hardness tests have been found to be very useful for materials evaluation, quality control of manufacturing processes and research and development efforts. Hardness, although empirical in nature, can be correlated to tensile strength for many metals, and is an indicator of wear resistance and ductility. 4.2 Microindentation hardness tests extend testing to materials that are too thin or too small for macroindentation hardness tests. Microindentation hardness tests also allow specific phases or constituents and regions or gradients too small for macroindentation hardness testing to be evaluated. 4.3 Because the Knoop and Vickers hardness will reveal hardness variations that may exist within a material, a single test value may not be representative of the bulk hardness. The Vickers indenter usually produces a geometrically similar indentation at all test forces. Except for tests at very low forces that produce indentations with diagonals smaller than about 25 x03BC;m, the hardness number will be essentially the same as produced by Vickers machines with test forces greater than 1 kgf, as long as the material being tested is reasonably homogeneous. For isotropic materials, the two diagonals of a Vickers indentation are equal in size. Recommendations for low force microindentation testing can be found in Appendix X5. The Knoop indenter does not produce a geometrically similar indentation as a function of test force. Consequently, the Knoop hardness will vary with test force. Due to its rhombic shape, the indentation depth is shallower for a Knoop indentation compared to a Vickers indentation under identical test conditions. The two diagonals of a Knoop indentation are markedly different. Ideally, the long diagonal is 7.114 times longer than the short diagonal, but this ratio is influenced by elastic recovery. Thus, the Knoop indenter is very useful for evaluating hardness gradients or thin coatings of sectioned samples.1.1 This test method covers determination of the Knoop and Vickers hardness of materials, the verification of Knoop and Vickers hardness testing machines, and the calibration of standardized Knoop and Vickers test blocks. 1.2 This test method covers Knoop and Vickers hardness tests made utilizing test forces in micro (9.807 x00D7; 10-3 to 9.807 N ) ( 1 to 1000 gf ) and macro (>9.807 to 1176.80 N) ( >1kg to 120 kgf ) ranges. Note 18212;Previous versions of this standard limited test forces to 9.807 N (1 kgf). 1.3 This test method includes all of the requirements to perform macro Vickers hardness tests as previously defined in Test Method E92, Standard Test Method for Vickers Hardness Testing. 1.4 This test method includes an analysis of the possible sources of errors that can occur during Knoop and Vickers testing and how these factors affect the accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of test results. Note 28212;While Committee E04 is primarily concerned with metals, the test procedures described are applicable to other materials. 1.5 Units8212;When Knoop and Vickers hardness tests were developed, the force levels were specified in units of grams-force (gf) and kilograms-force (kgf). This standard specifies the units of force and length in the International System of Units (SI); that is, force in Newtons (N) and length in mm or x03BC;m. However, because of the historical precedent and continued common usage, force values in gf and kgf units are provided for information and much of the discussion in this standard as well as the method ......
信息：ICS：19.060 CCS：A42 发布：2011 实施：
GB/T 35085-2018 金属材料焊缝破坏性试验 激光和电子束焊接接头的维氏和努氏硬度试验
简介：
信息：ICS：25.160.40 CCS：J33 发布：2018-05-14 00:00:00.0 实施：2018-12-01 00:00:00.0
KS B ISO 22826-2016(2021) 金属材料焊缝的破坏性试验——激光和电子束焊接窄缝的硬度试验（维氏和努氏硬度试验）
简介：
信息：ICS：25.160.40 CCS： 发布：2016-12-19 实施：
KS L ISO 9385-2010(2020) 玻璃的努氏压痕硬度和玻璃 - 陶瓷的测试方法
简介：
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2010-09-03 实施：
GB/T 35085-2018 金属材料焊缝破坏性试验 激光和电子束焊接接头的维氏和努氏硬度试验
简介：本标准规定了金属材料激光和电子束窄焊缝横截面的维氏和努氏硬度试验。本标准规定的维氏硬度试验力范围通常为0.098 N~≤98 N(HV 0.01~≤HV 10)，努氏硬度试验力范围通常为不大于9.8 N(HK 1)。本标准适用于采用或不采用填充丝的焊缝试样的硬度试验。本标准不适用于采用激光/电弧复合宽焊缝试样的硬度试验。非窄焊缝的硬度试验按GB/T 2654和GB/T 27552执行。
信息：ICS：25.160.40 CCS：J33 发布：2018-05-14 实施：2018-12-01
ASTM E92-2016 金属材料维氏硬度和努氏硬度的标准试验方法
简介：4.1x00a0;Vickers and Knoop hardness tests have been found to be very useful for materials evaluation, quality control of manufacturing processes and research and development efforts. Hardness, although empirical in nature, can be correlated to tensile strength for many metals, and is an indicator of wear resistance and ductility. 4.2x00a0;Microindentation hardness tests extend testing to materials that are too thin or too small for macroindentation hardness tests. Microindentation hardness tests also allow specific phases or constituents and regions or gradients too small for macroindentation hardness testing to be evaluated. Recommendations for microindentation testing can be found in Test Method E384. 4.3x00a0;Because the Vickers and Knoop hardness will reveal hardness variations that may exist within a material, a single test value may not be representative of the bulk hardness. 4.4x00a0;The Vickers indenter usually produces essentially the same hardness number at all test forces when testing homogeneous material, except for tests using very low forces (below 25 gf) or for indentations with diagonals smaller than about 25 x00b5;m (see Test Method E384). For isotropic materials, the two diagonals of a Vickers indentation are equal in length. 4.5x00a0;The Knoop indenter usually produces similar hardness numbers over a wide range of test forces, but the numbers tend to rise as the test force is decreased. This rise in hardness number with lower test forces is often more significant when testing higher hardness materials, and is increasingly more significant when using test forces below 50 gf (see Test Method E384). 4.6x00a0;The elongated four-sided rhombohedral shape of the Knoop indenter, where the length of the long diagonal is 7.114 times greater than the short diagonal, produces narrower and shallower indentations than the square-based pyramid Vickers indenter under identical test conditions. Hence, the Knoop hardness test is very useful for evaluating hardness gradients since Knoop indentations can be made closer together than Vickers indentations by orienting the Knoop indentations with the short diagonals in the direction of the hardness gradient. 1.1x00a0;These test methods cover the determination of the Vickers hardness and Knoop hardness of metallic materials by the Vickers and Knoop indentation hardness principles. This standard provides the requirements for Vickers and Knoop hardness machines and the procedures for performing Vickers and Knoop hardness tests. 1.2x00a0;This standard includes additional requirements in annexes: Verification of Vickers and Knoop Hardness Testing Machines A......
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2016 实施：
KS L ISO 9385-2010 玻璃及玻璃陶瓷.努氏硬度试验
简介：이 표준은 도자기 표면, 유리 또는 결정화 유리 표면을 압자(indenter)로 눌렀을 때
信息：ICS：81.040.01;81.060.01 CCS：Q30 发布：2010-09-03 实施：2010-09-03
GB/T 18449.2-2012 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.第2部分：硬度计的检验与校准
简介：GB/T 18449的本部分规定了按GB/T 18449.1-2009测定金属材料努氏硬度用的试验力范围从0.09807N～19.614N的努氏硬度计(以下简称硬度计)的检验和校准方法。本部分仅适用于长对角线长度不小于0.020 mm压痕。本部分适用于检查硬度计基本功能的直接检验法和检查硬度计综合性能的间接检验法。间接检验法可独立地用于使用中硬度计的定期常规检查。如果硬度计还用于其他方法的硬度试验,则应分别按每一种方法单独对硬度计进行检验。
信息：ICS：19.060;77.040.10 CCS：H22;N71 发布：2012-12-31 实施：2013-06-01
GOST R ISO 4545-4-2015 金属材料. 努氏硬度试验. 第4部分. 硬度值表
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H23 发布：2015 实施：2016-01-01
ASTM E384-10e1 材料努氏和维氏硬度的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：19.060 CCS： 发布：2010-02-01 实施：
GB/T 18449.3-2012 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.第3部分：标准硬度块的标定
简介：GB/T 18449的本部分规定了在GB/T 18449.2-2012中描述的努氏硬度计间接检验用标准硬度块（以下简称标准块）的标定方法。本部分仅适用于长对角线长度不小于0.02mm的压痕。
信息：ICS：19.060;77.040.10 CCS：H22;N71 发布：2012-12-31 实施：2013-06-01
GOST R ISO 4545-1-2015 金属材料. 努氏硬度试验. 第1部分. 试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H23 发布：2015 实施：2016-01-01
ASTM E384-10e2 材料努氏和维氏硬度的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：19.060 CCS： 发布：2010-02-01 实施：
GB/T 18449.4-2009 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.第4部分:硬度值表
简介：GB/T 18449的本部分给出了努氏硬度值计算表。
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2009-06-25 实施：2010-04-01
GOST R ISO 4545-1-2015 金属材料. 努氏硬度试验. 第1部分. 试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS： 发布：2015 实施：2016-01-01
ISO 22394-2010 硬金属.努氏硬度试验
简介：This International Standard specifies the method of the Knoop hardness test for hardmetals.
信息：ICS：77.040.10;77.160 CCS：H22 发布：2010-02 实施：
GB/T 18449.1-2009 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.第1部分:试验方法
简介：GB/T 18449的本部分规定了金属材料努氏硬度试验的原理、符号及说明、硬度计、试样、试验方 法、结果的不确定度及试验报告。本部分规定的试验力值范围为0.098 07N到19.614N。本方法只适用于压痕对角线长度≥0.02mm。
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2009-06-25 实施：2010-04-01
GOST R ISO 4545-4-2015 金属材料. 努氏硬度试验. 第4部分. 硬度值表
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS： 发布：2015 实施：2016-01-01
ISO 22394:2010 硬质合金与粉煤灰；努氏硬度试验
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS： 发布：2010-01-22 实施：
GB/T 18449.3-2001 金属努氏硬度试验 第3部分;标准硬度块的标定
简介：本标准规定了按GB/T 18449.2对努氏硬度计进行间接检验用地标准硬度块（以下简称标准块）的标定方法。 本方法仅适用于长对角线长度不小于20μm的压痕。
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2001-11-05 实施：2002-05-01
ASTM C1326-13 高级陶瓷努氏压痕硬度的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：81.060.30 CCS： 发布：2013-08-01 实施：
KS D 8515-2009(2020) 金属及有关涂层维氏和努氏显微硬度试验
简介：
信息：ICS：25.220.40 CCS： 发布：2009-12-30 实施：
GB/T 18449.2-2001 金属努氏硬度试验 第2部分;硬度计的检验
简介：本标准规定了按GB/T 18449.1测定金属材料努氏硬度用的努氏硬度计的检验方法。硬度计的最大试验力为9.807N。本方法仅适用于长对角线长度不小于20μm的压痕。 本标准描述了检验硬度计基本功能的直接检验法和适用于硬度计综合检验的间接检验法。间接检验法可独立地用于使用中的硬度计的定期常规检查。 如果硬度计还可用于其他方法的硬度试验，则应分别按每一种方法单独地对硬度计进行检验。
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2001-11-05 实施：2002-05-01
ASTM C1326-2013 高级陶瓷的努氏压痕硬度的标准试验方法
简介：5.1x00a0;For advanced ceramics, Knoop indenters are used to create indentations. The surface projection of the long diagonal is measured with optical microscopes. 5.2x00a0;The Knoop indentation hardness is one of many properties that is used to characterize advanced ceramics. Attempts have been made to relate Knoop indentation hardness to other hardness scales, but no generally accepted methods are available. Such conversions are limited in scope and should be used with caution, except for special cases where a reliable basis for the conversion has been obtained by comparison tests. 5.3x00a0;For advanced ceramics, the Knoop indentation is often preferred to the Vickers indentation since the Knoop long diagonal length is 2.8 times longer than the Vickers diagonal for the same force, and cracking is much less of a problem (1).5 On the other hand, the long slender tip of the Knoop indentation is more difficult to precisely discern, especially in materials with low contrast. The indentation forces chosen in this test method are designed to produce indentations as large as may be possible with conventional microhardness equipment, yet not so large as to cause cracking. 5.4x00a0;The Knoop indentation is shallower than Vickers indentations made at the same force. Knoop indents may be useful in evaluating coating hardnesses. 5.5x00a0;Knoop hardness is calculated from the ratio of the applied force divided by the projected indentation area on the specimen surface. It is assumed that the elastic springback of the narrow diagonal is negligible. (Vickers indenters are also used to measure hardness, but Vickers hardness is calculated from the ratio of applied force to the area of contact of the four faces of the undeformed indenter.) 5.6x00a0;A full hardness characterization includes measurements over a broad range of indentation forces. Knoop hardness of ceramics usually decreases with increasing indentation size or indentation force such as that shown in Fig. 1.FIG. 1x00a0;A typical indentation size effect (ISE) curve for a ceramic. The data shown are for NIST SRM 2830 silicon nitride.6 The trend is known as the indentation size effect (ISE). Hardness approaches a plateau constant hardness at sufficiently large indentation size or forces (loads). The test forces that are needed to achieve a constant hardness vary with the ceramic. The test force specified in this standard is intended to be sufficiently large that hardness is either close to or on the plateau, but not so large as to introduce excessive cracking. A comprehensive characterization of the ISE is recommended but is beyond the scope of this test method which measures hardness at a single, designated force. 1.1x00a0;This test method covers the determination of the Knoop indentation hardness of advanced ceramics. In this test, a pointed, rhombic base, pyramidal diamond indenter of prescribed shape is pressed into the surface of a ceramic with a predetermined force to produce a relatively small, permanent indentation. The surface projection of the long diagonal of the permanent indentation is measured using a light microscope. T......
信息：ICS：19.060 (Mechanical testing); 81.060.99 (Other stan CCS：Q32 发布：2013 实施：
KS D 8515-2009 金属和有关镀层.维氏硬度计和努氏显微硬度试验
简介：마이크로 경도 시험에 관련하여 국제적인 공인이 이루어지지 않은 몇 가지 인자들이 있다.
信息：ICS：25.220.40 CCS：H14 发布：2009-12-30 实施：2009-12-30
GB/T 18449.1-2001 金属努氏硬度试验 第1部分;试验方法
简介：本标准规定了金属材料努氏硬度试验方法。本标准使用的最大试验力为9.807N.
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2001-09-15 实施：2002-02-01
ASTM C1326-2013(2018) 高级陶瓷的努氏压痕硬度的标准试验方法
简介：5.1x00a0;For advanced ceramics, Knoop indenters are used to create indentations. The surface projection of the long diagonal is measured with optical microscopes. 5.2x00a0;The Knoop indentation hardness is one of many properties that is used to characterize advanced ceramics. Attempts have been made to relate Knoop indentation hardness to other hardness scales, but no generally accepted methods are available. Such conversions are limited in scope and should be used with caution, except for special cases where a reliable basis for the conversion has been obtained by comparison tests. 5.3x00a0;For advanced ceramics, the Knoop indentation is often preferred to the Vickers indentation since the Knoop long diagonal length is 2.8 times longer than the Vickers diagonal for the same force, and cracking is much less of a problem (1).5 On the other hand, the long slender tip of the Knoop indentation is more difficult to precisely discern, especially in materials with low contrast. The indentation forces chosen in this test method are designed to produce indentations as large as may be possible with conventional microhardness equipment, yet not so large as to cause cracking. 5.4x00a0;The Knoop indentation is shallower than Vickers indentations made at the same force. Knoop indents may be useful in evaluating coating hardnesses. 5.5x00a0;Knoop hardness is calculated from the ratio of the applied force divided by the projected indentation area on the specimen surface. It is assumed that the elastic springback of the narrow diagonal is negligible. (Vickers indenters are also used to measure hardness, but Vickers hardness is calculated from the ratio of applied force to the area of contact of the four faces of the undeformed indenter.) 5.6x00a0;A full hardness characterization includes measurements over a broad range of indentation forces. Knoop hardness of ceramics usually decreases with increasing indentation size or indentation force such as that shown in Fig. 1.6 The trend is known as the indentation size effect (ISE). Hardness approaches a plateau constant hardness at sufficiently large indentation size or forces (loads). The test forces that are needed to achieve a constant hardness vary with the ceramic. The test force specified in this standard is intended to be sufficiently large that hardness is either close to or on the plateau, but not so large as to introduce excessive cracking. A comprehensive characterization of the ISE is recommended but is beyond the scope of this test method which measures hardness at a single, designated force. FIG. 1x00a0;A Typical Indentation Size Effect (ISE) Curve for a Ceramic (The data shown are for NIST SRM 2830 silicon nitride)
信息：ICS：81.060.30 CCS：Q32 发布：2013 实施：
KS D 8515-2009 金属和有关镀层.维氏硬度计和努氏显微硬度试验
简介：마이크로 경도 시험에 관련하여 국제적인 공인이 이루어지지 않은 몇 가지 인자들이 있다.
信息：ICS：25.220.40 CCS：H14 发布：2009-12-30 实施：2009-12-30
GB/T 9790-1988 金属覆盖层及其他有关覆盖层维氏和努氏显微硬度试验
简介：本标准适用于金属覆盖层中的电沉积层、自催化镀层、喷涂层的维氏和努氏显微硬度测定，也适用于铝上阳极氧化膜的维氏和努氏显微硬度测定，测定时试验力均低于10N。 要得到满意的结果，覆盖层必须具有足够的厚度，且一般宜在横断面上进行测定。
信息：ICS：25.220.40 CCS：A29 发布：1988-09-05 实施：1989-09-01
ASTM E140-12be1 金属的标准硬度换算表布氏硬度、维氏硬度、洛氏硬度、表面硬度、努氏硬度、硬度计硬度和里氏硬度之间的关系
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS： 发布：2012-12-01 实施：
JJG 1048-2009 标准努氏硬度块检定规程
简介：本规程适用于试验力范围为0.09807N至19.614N的标准努氏硬度块的首次检定、后续检定和使用中检验。标准努氏硬度块的压痕长对角线应大于或等于0.020mm。
信息：ICS： CCS：A53 发布：2009-08-18 实施：2009-11-18
GB 9790-1988 金属覆盖层及其他有关覆盖层维氏和努氏显微硬度试验
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040 CCS：A29 发布：1988-09-05 实施：1989-09-01
ASTM E140-12b 金属的标准硬度换算表布氏硬度、维氏硬度、洛氏硬度、表面硬度、努氏硬度、硬度计硬度和里氏硬度之间的关系
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS： 发布：2012-12-01 实施：
SANS 4516-2008 金属及其他无机涂层.维氏及努氏微硬度试验
简介：Describes the application of the Vickers and Knoop micro-indentation tests for determining the microhardness of metallic and other inorganic coatings. Applicable where indenter forces generally need to be below 10 N.
信息：ICS：25.220.40 CCS：A29 发布：2008-11-07 实施：
DIN EN ISO 22826-2021 金属材料焊缝破坏性试验. 激光和电子束焊接窄接头的硬度试验(维氏和努氏硬度试验)(ISO 22826-2005); 德文版 EN ISO 22826-2021
简介：ISO 22826:2005 specifies the requirements for hardness testing of transverse sections of narrow laser and electron beam welded joints in metallic materials. It covers Vickers and Knoop hardness tests in accordance with ISO 6507-1 and ISO 4545, respectively, with test forces of 0,
信息：ICS：25.160.40 CCS：J33 发布：2021-05-00 实施：
ASTM E140-12a 金属的标准硬度换算表布氏硬度、维氏硬度、洛氏硬度、表面硬度、努氏硬度、硬度计硬度和里氏硬度之间的关系
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS： 发布：2012-09-01 实施：
ASTM C1326-08e1 高级陶瓷努氏压痕硬度的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：81.060.30 CCS： 发布：2008-08-01 实施：
JIS Z2251-1-2020 努氏硬度试验. 第1部分: 试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS： 发布：2020-12-21 实施：
ASTM E140-12 金属标准硬度换算表布氏硬度、维氏硬度、洛氏硬度、表面硬度、努氏硬度和硬度计硬度的关系
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS： 发布：2012-08-15 实施：
ASTM C1326-08 高级陶瓷努氏压痕硬度的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：19.060 CCS： 发布：2008-08-01 实施：
JIS Z2251-2-2020 努氏硬度试验: 第2部分: 硬度值表
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：N71 发布：2020-12-21 实施：
GOST R ISO 22826-2012 金属材料焊接的破坏试验. 激光和电子束焊成窄接头的硬度试验(维氏和努氏硬度试验)
简介：
信息：ICS：25.160.40 CCS： 发布：2012 实施：2014-01-01
DIN ISO 22826-2008 金属材料焊缝的破坏性试验.使用激光和电子束焊接的窄接头硬度试验(维氏和努氏硬度试验)
简介：This International Standard specifies the requirements for hardness testing of transverse sections of narrowlaser and electron beam welded joints in metallic materials. It covers Vickers and Knoop hardness tests inaccordance with ISO 6507-1 and ISO 4545, respectively, with test forces of 0,098 N to just under 98 N(HV 0,01 to just under HV 10) for the Vickers hardness test and test forces up to and including 9,8 N (justunder HK 1) for the Knoop hardness test.This International Standard is applicable to welds made with or without filler wire. It may not be applicable tothe testing of wider hybrid laser/arc welds.International Standards for hardness testing of welds without a narrow profile are ISO 9015-1 and ISO 9015-2.
信息：ICS：25.160.40 CCS：J33 发布：2008-08 实施：
ASTM E140-12B(2019)e1 金属的标准硬度换算表布氏硬度、维氏硬度、洛氏硬度、表面硬度、努氏硬度、硬度计硬度和里氏硬度之间的关系
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS： 发布：2019-04-15 实施：
ASTM E140-2012b 布氏硬度, 维氏硬度, 罗氏硬度, 表面硬度, 努氏硬度, 回跳硬度和里氏硬度上金属关系的标准硬度换算表
简介：6.1x00a0;The conversion values given in the tables, or calculated by the equations given in the appendixes, should only be considered valid for the specific materials indicated. This is because conversions can be affected by several factors, including the material alloy, grain structure, heat treatment, etc. 6.2x00a0;Since the various types of hardness tests do not all measure the same combination of material properties, conversion from one hardness scale to another is only an approximate process. Because of the wide range of variation among different materials, it is not possible to state confidence limits for the errors in using a conversion chart. Even in the case of a table established for a single material, such as the table for cartridge brass, some error is involved depending on composition and methods of processing. 6.3x00a0;Because of their approximate nature, conversion tables must be regarded as only an estimate of comparative values. It is recommended that hardness conversions be applied primarily to values such as specification limits, which are established by agreement or mandate, and that the conversion of test data be avoided whenever possible (see Note 1). 1.1x00a0;Conversion Table 1 presents data in the Rockwell C hardness range on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, Knoop hardness, and Scleroscope hardness of non-austenitic steels including carbon, alloy, and tool steels in the as-forged, annealed, normalized, and quenched and tempered conditions provided that they are homogeneous. 1.2x00a0;Conversion Table 2 presents data in the Rockwell B hardness range on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, Knoop hardness, and Scleroscope hardness of non-austenitic steels including carbon, alloy, and tool steels in the as-forged, annealed, normalized, and quenched and tempered conditions provided that they are homogeneous. 1.3x00a0;Conversion Table 3 presents data on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, and Knoop hardness of nickel and high-nickel alloys (nickel content over 508201;%). These hardness conversion relationships are intended to apply particularly to the following: nickel-aluminum-silicon specimens finished to commercial mill standards for hardness testing, covering the entire range of these alloys from their annealed to their heavily cold-worked or age-hardened conditions, including their intermediate conditions. 1.4x00a0;Conversion Table 4 presents data on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, and Rockwell superficial hardness of cartridge brass. 1.5x00a0;Conversion Table 5 presents data on the relationship between Brinell hardness and Rockwell B hardness of austenitic stainless steel plate in the annealed condition. 1.6x00a0;Conversion Table 6 presents data on the relationship between Rockwell hardness and Rockwell superficial hardness of austenitic stainless steel sheet. 1.7x00a0;Conversion Table 7 presents data on the relationship among Brinell har......
信息：ICS：77.040.10 (Mechanical testing of metals) CCS： 发布：2012 实施：
ASTM C1326-2008e1 高级陶瓷的努氏压痕硬度的标准试验方法
简介：For advanced ceramics, Knoop indenters are used to create indentations. The surface projection of the long diagonal is measured with optical microscopes. The Knoop indentation hardness is one of many properties that is used to characterize advanced ceramics. Attempts have been made to relate Knoop indentation hardness to other hardness scales, but no generally accepted methods are available. Such conversions are limited in scope and should be used with caution, except for special cases where a reliable basis for the conversion has been obtained by comparison tests. For advanced ceramics, the Knoop indentation is often preferred to the Vickers indentation since the Knoop long diagonal length is 2.8 times longer than the Vickers diagonal for the same load, and cracking is much less of a problem (1). On the other hand, the long slender tip of the Knoop indentation is more difficult to precisely discern, especially in materials with low contrast. The indentation loads chosen in this test method are designed to produce indentations as large as may be possible with conventional microhardness equipment, yet not so large as to cause cracking. The Knoop indentation is shallower than Vickers indentations made at the same load. Knoop indents may be useful in evaluating coating hardnesses. Knoop hardness is calculated from the ratio of the applied load divided by the projected indentation area on the specimen surface. It is assumed that the elastic springback of the narrow diagonal is negligible. (Vickers indenters are also used to measure hardness, but Vickers hardness is calculated from the ratio of applied load to the area of contact of the four faces of the undeformed indenter.) A full hardness characterization includes measurements over a broad range of indentation loads. Knoop hardness of ceramics usually decreases with increasing indentation size or indentation force (load). The trend is known as the indentation size effect (ISE). Hardness approaches a plateau constant hardness at sufficiently large indentation size or forces (loads). The test forces or loads that are needed to achieve a constant hardness vary with the ceramic. The test force specified in this standard is intended to be sufficiently large that hardness is either close to or on the plateau, but not so large as to introduce excessive cracking. A comprehensive characterization of the ISE is recommended but is beyond the scope of this test method which measures hardness at a single, designated load. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the Knoop indentation hardness of advanced ceramics. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS：81.060.99 (Other standards related to ceramics) CCS：Q32 发布：2008 实施：
BS EN ISO 4545-3-2017 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.标准块校准
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2018-03-28 实施：2018-03-28
ASTM E140-2012be1 布氏硬度, 维氏硬度, 洛氏硬度, 表面硬度, 努氏硬度, 肖氏硬度和里氏硬度之间金属关系用标准硬度换算表
简介：6.1x00a0;The conversion values given in the tables, or calculated by the equations given in the appendixes, should only be considered valid for the specific materials indicated. This is because conversions can be affected by several factors, including the material alloy, grain structure, heat treatment, etc. 6.2x00a0;Since the various types of hardness tests do not all measure the same combination of material properties, conversion from one hardness scale to another is only an approximate process. Because of the wide range of variation among different materials, it is not possible to state confidence limits for the errors in using a conversion chart. Even in the case of a table established for a single material, such as the table for cartridge brass, some error is involved depending on composition and methods of processing. 6.3x00a0;Because of their approximate nature, conversion tables must be regarded as only an estimate of comparative values. It is recommended that hardness conversions be applied primarily to values such as specification limits, which are established by agreement or mandate, and that the conversion of test data be avoided whenever possible (see Note 1). 1.1x00a0;Conversion Table 1 presents data in the Rockwell C hardness range on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, Knoop hardness, and Scleroscope hardness of non-austenitic steels including carbon, alloy, and tool steels in the as-forged, annealed, normalized, and quenched and tempered conditions provided that they are homogeneous. 1.2x00a0;Conversion Table 2 presents data in the Rockwell B hardness range on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, Knoop hardness, and Scleroscope hardness of non-austenitic steels including carbon, alloy, and tool steels in the as-forged, annealed, normalized, and quenched and tempered conditions provided that they are homogeneous. 1.3x00a0;Conversion Table 3 presents data on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, Rockwell superficial hardness, and Knoop hardness of nickel and high-nickel alloys (nickel content over 508201;%). These hardness conversion relationships are intended to apply particularly to the following: nickel-aluminum-silicon specimens finished to commercial mill standards for hardness testing, covering the entire range of these alloys from their annealed to their heavily cold-worked or age-hardened conditions, including their intermediate conditions. 1.4x00a0;Conversion Table 4 presents data on the relationship among Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness, and Rockwell superficial hardness of cartridge brass. 1.5x00a0;Conversion Table 5 presents data on the relationship between Brinell hardness and Rockwell B hardness of austenitic stainless steel plate in the annealed condition. 1.6x00a0;Conversion Table 6 presents data on the relationship between Rockwell hardness and Rockwell superficial hardness of austenitic stainless steel sheet. 1.7x00a0;Conversion Table 7 presents data on the relationship among Brinell har......
信息：ICS：77.040.10 (Mechanical testing of metals) CCS： 发布：2012 实施：
TCVN 5887-2-2008 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.第2部分:试验机的检验和校准
简介：
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2008 实施：
BS EN ISO 4545-1-2018 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.10 CCS：H22 发布：2018-03-19 实施：2018-03-19
ASTM E384-11e1 材料努氏和维氏硬度的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：19.060 CCS： 发布：2011-08-01 实施：
TCVN 5887-1-2008 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.第1部分:试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2008 实施：
ASTM C1326-13(2018) 高级陶瓷努氏压痕硬度的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：81.060.30 CCS： 发布：2018-01-01 实施：
ASTM E384-11 材料努氏和维氏硬度的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：19.060 CCS： 发布：2011-08-01 实施：
TCVN 5887-3-2008 金属材料.努氏硬度试验.第3部分:标准块的校准
简介：
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2008 实施：
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