ASTM1816检测标准

ASTM1816相关标准参考信息

ASTM E1816-18(2022) 用脉冲回波电磁声换能器（EMAT）方法测量厚度的标准实施规程
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2022-12-01 实施：

ASTM E1816-18(2022) 用脉冲回波电磁声换能器（EMAT）方法测量厚度的标准实施规程
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2022-12-01 实施：

ASTM E1816-18(2022) 用脉冲回波电磁声换能器（EMAT）方法测量厚度的标准实施规程
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2022-12-01 实施：

ASTM D1816-12(2019) 用VDE电极测定绝缘液体介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2019-10-01 实施：

ASTM D1816-12(2019) 用VDE电极测定绝缘液体介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2019-10-01 实施：

ASTM D1816-12(2019) 用VDE电极测定绝缘液体介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2019-10-01 实施：

ASTM F1816-18 儿童用拉带的标准安全规范&apos；s上部外套
简介：
信息：ICS：61.020 CCS： 发布：2018-11-01 实施：

ASTM F1816-18 儿童用拉带的标准安全规范&apos；s上部外套
简介：
信息：ICS：61.020 CCS： 发布：2018-11-01 实施：

ASTM F1816-18 儿童用拉带的标准安全规范&apos；s上部外套
简介：
信息：ICS：61.020 CCS： 发布：2018-11-01 实施：

ASTM E1816-18 用脉冲回波电磁声换能器（EMAT）方法测量厚度的标准实施规程
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2018-07-01 实施：

ASTM E1816-18 用脉冲回波电磁声换能器（EMAT）方法测量厚度的标准实施规程
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2018-07-01 实施：

ASTM E1816-18 用脉冲回波电磁声换能器（EMAT）方法测量厚度的标准实施规程
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2018-07-01 实施：

ASTM C1816-16 在同位素丰度和含量分析之前 含有铀 Americ和钚的小体积样品离子交换分离的标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：27.120.30 CCS： 发布：2016-01-15 实施：

ASTM C1816-16 在同位素丰度和含量分析之前 含有铀 Americ和钚的小体积样品离子交换分离的标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：27.120.30 CCS： 发布：2016-01-15 实施：

ASTM C1816-16 在同位素丰度和含量分析之前 含有铀 Americ和钚的小体积样品离子交换分离的标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：27.120.30 CCS： 发布：2016-01-15 实施：

ASTM C1816-2016 同位素丰度和含量分析前对含铀, 镅和钚的小容量样本进行离子交换分离的标准实施规程
简介：5.1x00a0;Uranium and plutonium are used in nuclear reactor fuel and must be analyzed to ensure that they meet acceptance criteria for isotopic composition as described in Specifications C833 and C1008. The criteria are set by mutual agreement between the manufacturer and end user (or between buyer and seller). This standard practice is used to separate chemically the isobaric interferences from 238U and 238Pu and from 241Am and 241Pu, and from other impurities prior to isotopic abundance determination by TIMS. 5.2x00a0;In facilities where perchloric acid use is authorized, the separation in Test Method C698 may be used prior to isotopic abundance determination. Uranium and plutonium content as well as isotopic abundances using TIMS can be determined by using this separation practice and by following Test Methods C698, C1625, or C1672. 1.1x00a0;This practice is an alternative to Practice C1411 for the ion exchange separation in small mass samples (~5 x03bc;g of plutonium and up to 0.5 mg of uranium in 1 mL of solution) of uranium and plutonium from each other and from other impurities for subsequent isotopic abundance and content analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). In addition to being adapted to smaller sample sizes, this practice also avoids the use of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) and does not require the use of two anion exchange columns as required in Practice C1411. 1.2x00a0;In chemically unseparated samples isobaric nuclides at mass 238 (238U and 238Pu), and mass 241 (241Pu and 241Am) will be measured together thus compromising the accuracy of the results of isotopic composition of Pu. Therefore, chemical separation of elements is essential prior to isotopic analyses. Concentrations and volumes given in the paragraphs below can be modified for larger sample sizes, different types of anion exchange resin, etc. 1.3x00a0;The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2016 实施：

ASTM C1816-2016 同位素丰度和含量分析前对含铀, 镅和钚的小容量样本进行离子交换分离的标准实施规程
简介：5.1x00a0;Uranium and plutonium are used in nuclear reactor fuel and must be analyzed to ensure that they meet acceptance criteria for isotopic composition as described in Specifications C833 and C1008. The criteria are set by mutual agreement between the manufacturer and end user (or between buyer and seller). This standard practice is used to separate chemically the isobaric interferences from 238U and 238Pu and from 241Am and 241Pu, and from other impurities prior to isotopic abundance determination by TIMS. 5.2x00a0;In facilities where perchloric acid use is authorized, the separation in Test Method C698 may be used prior to isotopic abundance determination. Uranium and plutonium content as well as isotopic abundances using TIMS can be determined by using this separation practice and by following Test Methods C698, C1625, or C1672. 1.1x00a0;This practice is an alternative to Practice C1411 for the ion exchange separation in small mass samples (~5 x03bc;g of plutonium and up to 0.5 mg of uranium in 1 mL of solution) of uranium and plutonium from each other and from other impurities for subsequent isotopic abundance and content analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). In addition to being adapted to smaller sample sizes, this practice also avoids the use of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) and does not require the use of two anion exchange columns as required in Practice C1411. 1.2x00a0;In chemically unseparated samples isobaric nuclides at mass 238 (238U and 238Pu), and mass 241 (241Pu and 241Am) will be measured together thus compromising the accuracy of the results of isotopic composition of Pu. Therefore, chemical separation of elements is essential prior to isotopic analyses. Concentrations and volumes given in the paragraphs below can be modified for larger sample sizes, different types of anion exchange resin, etc. 1.3x00a0;The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2016 实施：

ASTM C1816-2016 同位素丰度和含量分析前对含铀, 镅和钚的小容量样本进行离子交换分离的标准实施规程
简介：5.1x00a0;Uranium and plutonium are used in nuclear reactor fuel and must be analyzed to ensure that they meet acceptance criteria for isotopic composition as described in Specifications C833 and C1008. The criteria are set by mutual agreement between the manufacturer and end user (or between buyer and seller). This standard practice is used to separate chemically the isobaric interferences from 238U and 238Pu and from 241Am and 241Pu, and from other impurities prior to isotopic abundance determination by TIMS. 5.2x00a0;In facilities where perchloric acid use is authorized, the separation in Test Method C698 may be used prior to isotopic abundance determination. Uranium and plutonium content as well as isotopic abundances using TIMS can be determined by using this separation practice and by following Test Methods C698, C1625, or C1672. 1.1x00a0;This practice is an alternative to Practice C1411 for the ion exchange separation in small mass samples (~5 x03bc;g of plutonium and up to 0.5 mg of uranium in 1 mL of solution) of uranium and plutonium from each other and from other impurities for subsequent isotopic abundance and content analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). In addition to being adapted to smaller sample sizes, this practice also avoids the use of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) and does not require the use of two anion exchange columns as required in Practice C1411. 1.2x00a0;In chemically unseparated samples isobaric nuclides at mass 238 (238U and 238Pu), and mass 241 (241Pu and 241Am) will be measured together thus compromising the accuracy of the results of isotopic composition of Pu. Therefore, chemical separation of elements is essential prior to isotopic analyses. Concentrations and volumes given in the paragraphs below can be modified for larger sample sizes, different types of anion exchange resin, etc. 1.3x00a0;The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2016 实施：

ASTM C1816-15 在同位素丰度和含量分析之前 含有铀 Americ和钚的小体积样品离子交换分离的标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：27.120.30 CCS： 发布：2015-06-01 实施：

ASTM C1816-15 在同位素丰度和含量分析之前 含有铀 Americ和钚的小体积样品离子交换分离的标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：27.120.30 CCS： 发布：2015-06-01 实施：

ASTM C1816-15 在同位素丰度和含量分析之前 含有铀 Americ和钚的小体积样品离子交换分离的标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：27.120.30 CCS： 发布：2015-06-01 实施：

ASTM C1816-2015 同位素丰度和含量分析前对含铀, 镅和钚的小容量样本进行离子交换分离的标准实施规程
简介：5.1x00a0;Uranium and plutonium are used in nuclear reactor fuel and must be analyzed to ensure that they meet acceptance criteria for isotopic composition as described in Specifications C833 and C1008. The criteria are set by mutual agreement between the manufacturer and end user (or between buyer and seller). This standard practice is used to separate chemically the isobaric interferences from 238U and 238Pu and from 241Am and 241Pu, and from other impurities prior to isotopic abundance determination by TIMS. 5.2x00a0;In facilities where perchloric acid use is authorized, the separation in Test Method C698 may be used prior to isotopic abundance determination. Uranium and plutonium content as well as isotopic abundances using TIMS can be determined by using this separation practice and by following Test Methods C698, C1625, or C1672. 1.1x00a0;This practice is an alternative to Practice C1411 for the ion exchange separation in small mass samples (~5 x03bc;g of plutonium and up to 0.5 mg of uranium in 1 mL of solution) of uranium and plutonium from each other and from other impurities for subsequent isotopic abundance and content analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). In addition to being adapted to smaller sample sizes, this practice also avoids the use of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) and does not require the use of two anion exchange columns as required in Practice C1411. 1.2x00a0;In chemically unseparated samples isobaric nuclides at mass 238 (238U and 238Pu), and mass 241 (241Pu and 241Am) will be measured together thus compromising the accuracy of the results of isotopic composition of Pu. Therefore, chemical separation of elements is essential prior to isotopic analyses. Concentrations and volumes given in the paragraphs below can be modified for larger sample sizes, different types of anion exchange resin, etc. 1.3x00a0;The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2015 实施：

ASTM C1816-2015 同位素丰度和含量分析前对含铀, 镅和钚的小容量样本进行离子交换分离的标准实施规程
简介：5.1x00a0;Uranium and plutonium are used in nuclear reactor fuel and must be analyzed to ensure that they meet acceptance criteria for isotopic composition as described in Specifications C833 and C1008. The criteria are set by mutual agreement between the manufacturer and end user (or between buyer and seller). This standard practice is used to separate chemically the isobaric interferences from 238U and 238Pu and from 241Am and 241Pu, and from other impurities prior to isotopic abundance determination by TIMS. 5.2x00a0;In facilities where perchloric acid use is authorized, the separation in Test Method C698 may be used prior to isotopic abundance determination. Uranium and plutonium content as well as isotopic abundances using TIMS can be determined by using this separation practice and by following Test Methods C698, C1625, or C1672. 1.1x00a0;This practice is an alternative to Practice C1411 for the ion exchange separation in small mass samples (~5 x03bc;g of plutonium and up to 0.5 mg of uranium in 1 mL of solution) of uranium and plutonium from each other and from other impurities for subsequent isotopic abundance and content analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). In addition to being adapted to smaller sample sizes, this practice also avoids the use of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) and does not require the use of two anion exchange columns as required in Practice C1411. 1.2x00a0;In chemically unseparated samples isobaric nuclides at mass 238 (238U and 238Pu), and mass 241 (241Pu and 241Am) will be measured together thus compromising the accuracy of the results of isotopic composition of Pu. Therefore, chemical separation of elements is essential prior to isotopic analyses. Concentrations and volumes given in the paragraphs below can be modified for larger sample sizes, different types of anion exchange resin, etc. 1.3x00a0;The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2015 实施：

ASTM C1816-2015 同位素丰度和含量分析前对含铀, 镅和钚的小容量样本进行离子交换分离的标准实施规程
简介：5.1x00a0;Uranium and plutonium are used in nuclear reactor fuel and must be analyzed to ensure that they meet acceptance criteria for isotopic composition as described in Specifications C833 and C1008. The criteria are set by mutual agreement between the manufacturer and end user (or between buyer and seller). This standard practice is used to separate chemically the isobaric interferences from 238U and 238Pu and from 241Am and 241Pu, and from other impurities prior to isotopic abundance determination by TIMS. 5.2x00a0;In facilities where perchloric acid use is authorized, the separation in Test Method C698 may be used prior to isotopic abundance determination. Uranium and plutonium content as well as isotopic abundances using TIMS can be determined by using this separation practice and by following Test Methods C698, C1625, or C1672. 1.1x00a0;This practice is an alternative to Practice C1411 for the ion exchange separation in small mass samples (~5 x03bc;g of plutonium and up to 0.5 mg of uranium in 1 mL of solution) of uranium and plutonium from each other and from other impurities for subsequent isotopic abundance and content analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). In addition to being adapted to smaller sample sizes, this practice also avoids the use of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) and does not require the use of two anion exchange columns as required in Practice C1411. 1.2x00a0;In chemically unseparated samples isobaric nuclides at mass 238 (238U and 238Pu), and mass 241 (241Pu and 241Am) will be measured together thus compromising the accuracy of the results of isotopic composition of Pu. Therefore, chemical separation of elements is essential prior to isotopic analyses. Concentrations and volumes given in the paragraphs below can be modified for larger sample sizes, different types of anion exchange resin, etc. 1.3x00a0;The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS： CCS： 发布：2015 实施：

ASTM E1816-12 使用电磁声学传感器（EMAT）技术的超声波测试标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2012-11-01 实施：

ASTM E1816-12 使用电磁声学传感器（EMAT）技术的超声波测试标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2012-11-01 实施：

ASTM E1816-12 使用电磁声学传感器（EMAT）技术的超声波测试标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2012-11-01 实施：

ASTM D1816-12 用VDE电极测定绝缘液体介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2012-06-15 实施：

ASTM D1816-12 用VDE电极测定绝缘液体介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2012-06-15 实施：

ASTM D1816-12 用VDE电极测定绝缘液体介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2012-06-15 实施：

ASTM E1816-2012 应用电磁声传感器 (EMAT) 技术进行超声检测的标准方法
简介：5. Significance and UseTop Bottom 5.1 Since EMAT techniques are noncontacting, they should be considered for ultrasonic examinations in which applications involve automation, high-speed examinations, moving objects, applications in remote or hazardous locations, and applications to objects at elevated temperatures or objects with rough surfaces. This practice describes procedures for using EMAT techniques as associated with the ultrasonic method to detect flaws for both surface and volumetric examinations as well as to measure thickness. 5.2 The uniqueness of the electromagnetic acoustic transducer technique for ultrasonic examination basically lies in the generation and reception of the ultrasonic waves. Otherwise, conventional ultrasonic techniques and methodologies generally apply. 5.3 An EMAT generates and receives acoustic waves in a material by electromagnetic means; electrically conductive or ferromagnetic materials can be examined. In its simplest form, an EMAT as a generator of ultrasonic waves is basically a coil of wire, excited by an alternating current, and placed in a uniform magnetic field near the surface of a material. For conductive materials, eddy currents are induced as a result of the alternating current. Due to the magnetic field, these eddy currents experience Lorentz forces that in turn are transmitted to the solid by collisions with the lattice or other microscopic processes. These forces are alternating at the frequency of the driving current and act as a source of ultrasonic waves. If the material is ferromagnetic, additional coupling mechanisms play a part in the generation of ultrasonic waves. Interactions between the dynamic magnetic field generated by the alternating currents and the magnetization associated with the material offer a source of coupling, as do the associated magnetostrictive influences. Reciprocal processes exist whereby all of these mechanisms lead to detection. Fig. 3 depicts the mechanisms (forces), along with associated direction, for electromagnetic ultrasound generation. Note 1???j8201;=8201;current in a single conductor, Bo8201;=8201;magnetization from external magnet, Fm8201;=8201;magnetic force (ferromagnetic material), Fms8201;=8201;magnetostrictive force (ferromagnetic material), and FL8201;=8201;Lorentz force (conductive material).FIG. 3 Mechanisms of Electromagnetic Ultrasound Generation 5.4 The EMAT can be used to generate all ultrasonic modes of vibration. As with conventional ultrasonic techniques, material types, probable flaw locations, and flaw orientations determine the selection of beam directions and modes of vibration. The use of EMATs and selection of the proper wave mode presuppose a knowledge of the geometry of the object; the probable location, size, orientation, and reflectivity of the expected flaws; the allowable range of EMAT lift-off; and the laws of physics governing the propagation of ......
信息：ICS：77.040.20 (Non-destructive testing of metals) CCS： 发布：2012 实施：

ASTM E1816-2012 应用电磁声传感器 (EMAT) 技术进行超声检测的标准方法
简介：5. Significance and UseTop Bottom 5.1 Since EMAT techniques are noncontacting, they should be considered for ultrasonic examinations in which applications involve automation, high-speed examinations, moving objects, applications in remote or hazardous locations, and applications to objects at elevated temperatures or objects with rough surfaces. This practice describes procedures for using EMAT techniques as associated with the ultrasonic method to detect flaws for both surface and volumetric examinations as well as to measure thickness. 5.2 The uniqueness of the electromagnetic acoustic transducer technique for ultrasonic examination basically lies in the generation and reception of the ultrasonic waves. Otherwise, conventional ultrasonic techniques and methodologies generally apply. 5.3 An EMAT generates and receives acoustic waves in a material by electromagnetic means; electrically conductive or ferromagnetic materials can be examined. In its simplest form, an EMAT as a generator of ultrasonic waves is basically a coil of wire, excited by an alternating current, and placed in a uniform magnetic field near the surface of a material. For conductive materials, eddy currents are induced as a result of the alternating current. Due to the magnetic field, these eddy currents experience Lorentz forces that in turn are transmitted to the solid by collisions with the lattice or other microscopic processes. These forces are alternating at the frequency of the driving current and act as a source of ultrasonic waves. If the material is ferromagnetic, additional coupling mechanisms play a part in the generation of ultrasonic waves. Interactions between the dynamic magnetic field generated by the alternating currents and the magnetization associated with the material offer a source of coupling, as do the associated magnetostrictive influences. Reciprocal processes exist whereby all of these mechanisms lead to detection. Fig. 3 depicts the mechanisms (forces), along with associated direction, for electromagnetic ultrasound generation. Note 1???j8201;=8201;current in a single conductor, Bo8201;=8201;magnetization from external magnet, Fm8201;=8201;magnetic force (ferromagnetic material), Fms8201;=8201;magnetostrictive force (ferromagnetic material), and FL8201;=8201;Lorentz force (conductive material).FIG. 3 Mechanisms of Electromagnetic Ultrasound Generation 5.4 The EMAT can be used to generate all ultrasonic modes of vibration. As with conventional ultrasonic techniques, material types, probable flaw locations, and flaw orientations determine the selection of beam directions and modes of vibration. The use of EMATs and selection of the proper wave mode presuppose a knowledge of the geometry of the object; the probable location, size, orientation, and reflectivity of the expected flaws; the allowable range of EMAT lift-off; and the laws of physics governing the propagation of ......
信息：ICS：77.040.20 (Non-destructive testing of metals) CCS： 发布：2012 实施：

ASTM E1816-2012 应用电磁声传感器 (EMAT) 技术进行超声检测的标准方法
简介：5. Significance and UseTop Bottom 5.1 Since EMAT techniques are noncontacting, they should be considered for ultrasonic examinations in which applications involve automation, high-speed examinations, moving objects, applications in remote or hazardous locations, and applications to objects at elevated temperatures or objects with rough surfaces. This practice describes procedures for using EMAT techniques as associated with the ultrasonic method to detect flaws for both surface and volumetric examinations as well as to measure thickness. 5.2 The uniqueness of the electromagnetic acoustic transducer technique for ultrasonic examination basically lies in the generation and reception of the ultrasonic waves. Otherwise, conventional ultrasonic techniques and methodologies generally apply. 5.3 An EMAT generates and receives acoustic waves in a material by electromagnetic means; electrically conductive or ferromagnetic materials can be examined. In its simplest form, an EMAT as a generator of ultrasonic waves is basically a coil of wire, excited by an alternating current, and placed in a uniform magnetic field near the surface of a material. For conductive materials, eddy currents are induced as a result of the alternating current. Due to the magnetic field, these eddy currents experience Lorentz forces that in turn are transmitted to the solid by collisions with the lattice or other microscopic processes. These forces are alternating at the frequency of the driving current and act as a source of ultrasonic waves. If the material is ferromagnetic, additional coupling mechanisms play a part in the generation of ultrasonic waves. Interactions between the dynamic magnetic field generated by the alternating currents and the magnetization associated with the material offer a source of coupling, as do the associated magnetostrictive influences. Reciprocal processes exist whereby all of these mechanisms lead to detection. Fig. 3 depicts the mechanisms (forces), along with associated direction, for electromagnetic ultrasound generation. Note 1???j8201;=8201;current in a single conductor, Bo8201;=8201;magnetization from external magnet, Fm8201;=8201;magnetic force (ferromagnetic material), Fms8201;=8201;magnetostrictive force (ferromagnetic material), and FL8201;=8201;Lorentz force (conductive material).FIG. 3 Mechanisms of Electromagnetic Ultrasound Generation 5.4 The EMAT can be used to generate all ultrasonic modes of vibration. As with conventional ultrasonic techniques, material types, probable flaw locations, and flaw orientations determine the selection of beam directions and modes of vibration. The use of EMATs and selection of the proper wave mode presuppose a knowledge of the geometry of the object; the probable location, size, orientation, and reflectivity of the expected flaws; the allowable range of EMAT lift-off; and the laws of physics governing the propagation of ......
信息：ICS：77.040.20 (Non-destructive testing of metals) CCS： 发布：2012 实施：

ASTM D1816-2012 用VDE电极测量绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：3. Significance and UseTop Bottom 3.1 The dielectric breakdown voltage of an insulating liquid is of importance as a measure of the liquidx0027;s ability to withstand electric stress without failure. The dielectric breakdown voltage serves to indicate the presence of contaminating agents such as water, dirt, cellulosic fibers, or conducting particles in the liquid, one or more of which may be present in significant concentrations when low breakdown voltages are obtained. However, a high dielectric breakdown voltage does not necessarily indicate the absence of all contaminants; it may merely indicate that the concentrations of contaminants that are present in the liquid between the electrodes are not large enough to deleteriously affect the average breakdown voltage of the liquid when tested by this test method (see Appendix X1.) 3.2 This test method is used in laboratory or field tests. For field breakdown results to be comparable to laboratory results, all criteria including room temperature (20 to 30??C) must be met. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating liquids (oils of petroleum origin, silicone fluids, high fire-point mineral electrical insulating oils, synthetic ester fluids and natural ester fluids). This test method is applicable to insulating liquids commonly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. Refer to Terminology D2864 for definitions used in this test method. 1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are present in the liquid. It has been found to be especially useful in diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric breakdown strength of insulating liquid in insulating systems.2 1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids. This test method should be used as recommended by professional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106. 1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method D2225 and Specification D4652, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns. 1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are acceptable. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility ......
信息：ICS：29.040.10 (Insulating oils) CCS：E38 发布：2012 实施：

ASTM D1816-2012 用VDE电极测量绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：3. Significance and UseTop Bottom 3.1 The dielectric breakdown voltage of an insulating liquid is of importance as a measure of the liquidx0027;s ability to withstand electric stress without failure. The dielectric breakdown voltage serves to indicate the presence of contaminating agents such as water, dirt, cellulosic fibers, or conducting particles in the liquid, one or more of which may be present in significant concentrations when low breakdown voltages are obtained. However, a high dielectric breakdown voltage does not necessarily indicate the absence of all contaminants; it may merely indicate that the concentrations of contaminants that are present in the liquid between the electrodes are not large enough to deleteriously affect the average breakdown voltage of the liquid when tested by this test method (see Appendix X1.) 3.2 This test method is used in laboratory or field tests. For field breakdown results to be comparable to laboratory results, all criteria including room temperature (20 to 30??C) must be met. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating liquids (oils of petroleum origin, silicone fluids, high fire-point mineral electrical insulating oils, synthetic ester fluids and natural ester fluids). This test method is applicable to insulating liquids commonly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. Refer to Terminology D2864 for definitions used in this test method. 1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are present in the liquid. It has been found to be especially useful in diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric breakdown strength of insulating liquid in insulating systems.2 1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids. This test method should be used as recommended by professional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106. 1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method D2225 and Specification D4652, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns. 1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are acceptable. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility ......
信息：ICS：29.040.10 (Insulating oils) CCS：E38 发布：2012 实施：

ASTM D1816-2012 用VDE电极测量绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：3. Significance and UseTop Bottom 3.1 The dielectric breakdown voltage of an insulating liquid is of importance as a measure of the liquidx0027;s ability to withstand electric stress without failure. The dielectric breakdown voltage serves to indicate the presence of contaminating agents such as water, dirt, cellulosic fibers, or conducting particles in the liquid, one or more of which may be present in significant concentrations when low breakdown voltages are obtained. However, a high dielectric breakdown voltage does not necessarily indicate the absence of all contaminants; it may merely indicate that the concentrations of contaminants that are present in the liquid between the electrodes are not large enough to deleteriously affect the average breakdown voltage of the liquid when tested by this test method (see Appendix X1.) 3.2 This test method is used in laboratory or field tests. For field breakdown results to be comparable to laboratory results, all criteria including room temperature (20 to 30??C) must be met. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating liquids (oils of petroleum origin, silicone fluids, high fire-point mineral electrical insulating oils, synthetic ester fluids and natural ester fluids). This test method is applicable to insulating liquids commonly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. Refer to Terminology D2864 for definitions used in this test method. 1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are present in the liquid. It has been found to be especially useful in diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric breakdown strength of insulating liquid in insulating systems.2 1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids. This test method should be used as recommended by professional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106. 1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method D2225 and Specification D4652, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns. 1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are acceptable. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility ......
信息：ICS：29.040.10 (Insulating oils) CCS：E38 发布：2012 实施：

ASTM E1816-07 使用电磁声学传感器（EMAT）技术的超声波测试标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2007-07-01 实施：

ASTM E1816-07 使用电磁声学传感器（EMAT）技术的超声波测试标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2007-07-01 实施：

ASTM E1816-07 使用电磁声学传感器（EMAT）技术的超声波测试标准实践
简介：
信息：ICS：77.040.20 CCS： 发布：2007-07-01 实施：

ASTM E1816-2007 用电磁声换能器(EMAT)技术的超声波测试用标准实用规程
简介：1.1 This practice covers procedures for the use of electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) for specific ultrasonic examination applications. Recommendations are given for specific applications for using EMAT techniques to detect flaws through both surface and volumetric examinations as well as to measure thickness.1.2 These procedures recommend technical details and guidelines for the reliable and reproducible ultrasonic detection of flaws and thickness measurements using electromagnetic acoustic transducers for both the pulsing and receiving of ultrasonic waves. The EMAT techniques described herein can be used as a basis for assessing the serviceability of various components nondestructively, as well as for process control in manufacturing.1.3 These procedures cover noncontact techniques for coupling ultrasonic energy into materials through the use of electromagnetic fields. Surface, Lamb, longitudinal, and shear wave modes are discussed.1.4 These procedures are intended to describe specific EMAT applications. These procedures are intended for applications in which the user has determined that the use of EMAT techniques can offer substantial benefits over conventional piezoelectric search units. It is not intended that EMAT techniques should be used in applications in which conventional techniques and applications offer superior benefits (refer to Guide E 1774).1.5 These procedures are applicable to any material in which acoustic waves can be introduced electromagnetically. This includes any material that is either electrically conductive or ferromagnetic.1.6 The procedures outlined in this practice address proven EMAT techniques for specific applications; they do not purport to address the only variation or all variations of EMAT techniques to address the given applications. Latitude in application techniques is offered where options are considered appropriate.1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS：77.040.20 (Non-destructive testing of metals) CCS：A42 发布：2007 实施：

ASTM E1816-2007 用电磁声换能器(EMAT)技术的超声波测试用标准实用规程
简介：1.1 This practice covers procedures for the use of electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) for specific ultrasonic examination applications. Recommendations are given for specific applications for using EMAT techniques to detect flaws through both surface and volumetric examinations as well as to measure thickness.1.2 These procedures recommend technical details and guidelines for the reliable and reproducible ultrasonic detection of flaws and thickness measurements using electromagnetic acoustic transducers for both the pulsing and receiving of ultrasonic waves. The EMAT techniques described herein can be used as a basis for assessing the serviceability of various components nondestructively, as well as for process control in manufacturing.1.3 These procedures cover noncontact techniques for coupling ultrasonic energy into materials through the use of electromagnetic fields. Surface, Lamb, longitudinal, and shear wave modes are discussed.1.4 These procedures are intended to describe specific EMAT applications. These procedures are intended for applications in which the user has determined that the use of EMAT techniques can offer substantial benefits over conventional piezoelectric search units. It is not intended that EMAT techniques should be used in applications in which conventional techniques and applications offer superior benefits (refer to Guide E 1774).1.5 These procedures are applicable to any material in which acoustic waves can be introduced electromagnetically. This includes any material that is either electrically conductive or ferromagnetic.1.6 The procedures outlined in this practice address proven EMAT techniques for specific applications; they do not purport to address the only variation or all variations of EMAT techniques to address the given applications. Latitude in application techniques is offered where options are considered appropriate.1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS：77.040.20 (Non-destructive testing of metals) CCS：A42 发布：2007 实施：

ASTM E1816-2007 用电磁声换能器(EMAT)技术的超声波测试用标准实用规程
简介：1.1 This practice covers procedures for the use of electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) for specific ultrasonic examination applications. Recommendations are given for specific applications for using EMAT techniques to detect flaws through both surface and volumetric examinations as well as to measure thickness.1.2 These procedures recommend technical details and guidelines for the reliable and reproducible ultrasonic detection of flaws and thickness measurements using electromagnetic acoustic transducers for both the pulsing and receiving of ultrasonic waves. The EMAT techniques described herein can be used as a basis for assessing the serviceability of various components nondestructively, as well as for process control in manufacturing.1.3 These procedures cover noncontact techniques for coupling ultrasonic energy into materials through the use of electromagnetic fields. Surface, Lamb, longitudinal, and shear wave modes are discussed.1.4 These procedures are intended to describe specific EMAT applications. These procedures are intended for applications in which the user has determined that the use of EMAT techniques can offer substantial benefits over conventional piezoelectric search units. It is not intended that EMAT techniques should be used in applications in which conventional techniques and applications offer superior benefits (refer to Guide E 1774).1.5 These procedures are applicable to any material in which acoustic waves can be introduced electromagnetically. This includes any material that is either electrically conductive or ferromagnetic.1.6 The procedures outlined in this practice address proven EMAT techniques for specific applications; they do not purport to address the only variation or all variations of EMAT techniques to address the given applications. Latitude in application techniques is offered where options are considered appropriate.1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS：77.040.20 (Non-destructive testing of metals) CCS：A42 发布：2007 实施：

ASTM D1816-04 用VDE电极测定石油绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2004-02-01 实施：

ASTM D1816-04 用VDE电极测定石油绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2004-02-01 实施：

ASTM D1816-04 用VDE电极测定石油绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2004-02-01 实施：

ASTM F1816-97(2004) 儿童上外衣拉绳的标准安全规范
简介：
信息：ICS：61.020 CCS： 发布：2004-01-01 实施：

ASTM F1816-97(2004) 儿童上外衣拉绳的标准安全规范
简介：
信息：ICS：61.020 CCS： 发布：2004-01-01 实施：

ASTM F1816-97(2004) 儿童上外衣拉绳的标准安全规范
简介：
信息：ICS：61.020 CCS： 发布：2004-01-01 实施：

ASTM D1816-2004 用VDE电极测量源自石油的绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：The dielectric breakdown voltage of an insulating liquid is of importance as a measure of the liquidrsquo;ability to withstand electric stress without failure. The dielectric breakdown voltage serves to indicate the presence of contaminating agents such as water, dirt, cellulosic fibers, or conducting particles in the liquid, one or more of which may be present in significant concentrations when low breakdown voltages are obtained. However, a high dielectric breakdown voltage does not necessarily indicate the absence of all contaminants; it may merely indicate that the concentrations of contaminants that are present in the liquid between the electrodes are not large enough to deleteriously affect the average breakdown voltage of the liquid when tested by this test method (see Appendix X1.) This test method is used in laboratory or field tests. For field breakdown results to be comparable to laboratory results, all criteria including room temperature (20 to 30x00B0;C) must be met.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils of petroleum origin. This test method is applicable to liquid petroleum oils commonly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. The suitability of this test method for testing oils having viscosity of more than 19 cSt, (100SUS) at 40176;C (104176;F) has not been determined. Refer to Terminology D 2864 for definitions used in this test method.1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are present in the oil. It has been found to be especially useful in diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric breakdown strength of oil in insulating systems.1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids. This test method should be used as recommended by professional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106.1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method D 2225, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns.1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are acceptable.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS：29.040.10 (Insulating oils) CCS：E38 发布：2004 实施：

ASTM D1816-2004 用VDE电极测量源自石油的绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：The dielectric breakdown voltage of an insulating liquid is of importance as a measure of the liquidrsquo;ability to withstand electric stress without failure. The dielectric breakdown voltage serves to indicate the presence of contaminating agents such as water, dirt, cellulosic fibers, or conducting particles in the liquid, one or more of which may be present in significant concentrations when low breakdown voltages are obtained. However, a high dielectric breakdown voltage does not necessarily indicate the absence of all contaminants; it may merely indicate that the concentrations of contaminants that are present in the liquid between the electrodes are not large enough to deleteriously affect the average breakdown voltage of the liquid when tested by this test method (see Appendix X1.) This test method is used in laboratory or field tests. For field breakdown results to be comparable to laboratory results, all criteria including room temperature (20 to 30x00B0;C) must be met.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils of petroleum origin. This test method is applicable to liquid petroleum oils commonly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. The suitability of this test method for testing oils having viscosity of more than 19 cSt, (100SUS) at 40176;C (104176;F) has not been determined. Refer to Terminology D 2864 for definitions used in this test method.1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are present in the oil. It has been found to be especially useful in diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric breakdown strength of oil in insulating systems.1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids. This test method should be used as recommended by professional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106.1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method D 2225, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns.1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are acceptable.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS：29.040.10 (Insulating oils) CCS：E38 发布：2004 实施：

ASTM D1816-2004 用VDE电极测量源自石油的绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：The dielectric breakdown voltage of an insulating liquid is of importance as a measure of the liquidrsquo;ability to withstand electric stress without failure. The dielectric breakdown voltage serves to indicate the presence of contaminating agents such as water, dirt, cellulosic fibers, or conducting particles in the liquid, one or more of which may be present in significant concentrations when low breakdown voltages are obtained. However, a high dielectric breakdown voltage does not necessarily indicate the absence of all contaminants; it may merely indicate that the concentrations of contaminants that are present in the liquid between the electrodes are not large enough to deleteriously affect the average breakdown voltage of the liquid when tested by this test method (see Appendix X1.) This test method is used in laboratory or field tests. For field breakdown results to be comparable to laboratory results, all criteria including room temperature (20 to 30x00B0;C) must be met.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils of petroleum origin. This test method is applicable to liquid petroleum oils commonly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. The suitability of this test method for testing oils having viscosity of more than 19 cSt, (100SUS) at 40176;C (104176;F) has not been determined. Refer to Terminology D 2864 for definitions used in this test method.1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are present in the oil. It has been found to be especially useful in diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric breakdown strength of oil in insulating systems.1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids. This test method should be used as recommended by professional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106.1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method D 2225, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns.1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are acceptable.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS：29.040.10 (Insulating oils) CCS：E38 发布：2004 实施：

ASTM D1816-03 用VDE电极测定石油绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2003-10-01 实施：

ASTM D1816-03 用VDE电极测定石油绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2003-10-01 实施：

ASTM D1816-03 用VDE电极测定石油绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：
信息：ICS：29.040.10 CCS： 发布：2003-10-01 实施：

ASTM D1816-2003 用VDE电极测量源自石油的绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils of petroleum origin. This test method is applicable to liquid petroleum oils commonly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. The suitability of this test method for testing oils having viscosity of more than 19 cSt, (100SUS) at 40176;C (104176;F) has not been determined. Refer to Terminology D 2864 for definitions used in this test method.1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are present in the oil. It has been found to be especially useful in diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric breakdown strength of oil in insulating systems.1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids. This test method should be used as recommended by professional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106.1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method D 2225, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns.1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are acceptable.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS：29.040.10 (Insulating oils) CCS：E38 发布：2003 实施：

ASTM D1816-2003 用VDE电极测量源自石油的绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils of petroleum origin. This test method is applicable to liquid petroleum oils commonly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. The suitability of this test method for testing oils having viscosity of more than 19 cSt, (100SUS) at 40176;C (104176;F) has not been determined. Refer to Terminology D 2864 for definitions used in this test method.1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are present in the oil. It has been found to be especially useful in diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric breakdown strength of oil in insulating systems.1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids. This test method should be used as recommended by professional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106.1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method D 2225, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns.1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are acceptable.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS：29.040.10 (Insulating oils) CCS：E38 发布：2003 实施：

ASTM D1816-2003 用VDE电极测量源自石油的绝缘油介电击穿电压的标准试验方法
简介：1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils of petroleum origin. This test method is applicable to liquid petroleum oils commonly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. The suitability of this test method for testing oils having viscosity of more than 19 cSt, (100SUS) at 40176;C (104176;F) has not been determined. Refer to Terminology D 2864 for definitions used in this test method.1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are present in the oil. It has been found to be especially useful in diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric breakdown strength of oil in insulating systems.1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids. This test method should be used as recommended by professional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106.1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method D 2225, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns.1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are acceptable.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
信息：ICS：29.040.10 (Insulating oils) CCS：E38 发布：2003 实施：

ASTM F1816-97 儿童上外衣拉绳的标准安全规范
简介：
信息：ICS：61.020 CCS： 发布：1997-06-10 实施：

ASTM F1816-97 儿童上外衣拉绳的标准安全规范
简介：
信息：ICS：61.020 CCS： 发布：1997-06-10 实施：

ASTM F1816-97 儿童上外衣拉绳的标准安全规范
简介：
信息：ICS：61.020 CCS： 发布：1997-06-10 实施：